Film-camera.



A. H. MOSES, 1R.

FILM CAMERA.' APPLICATION FILED JUNE I0, I9I4.

1,174,266. Patented Mar. 7, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET "IIIIIIIIIIIIIII'IIII v who@ sesJn I' ,l www ign 'j I A.H. MGSES, Jn.

HLM CAMERA.

APPLICATION FILED JUNEIO, 1914.

Patented Mar. 7, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

'IUMTED STATES PATENT Ormea.

ALFRED H. MOSES, JR., 0F NEW BD CHELLE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO ARTHUR IH.

- HOTTE,- 0F MORRIS PARK, NEW YORK.

FILI-CAMERA.

v Specification of Letters Patent'.

Patented Mar. 7, 1916.

Application mea :une 1o, 1914. serial No. 844,305.

and useful Improvements in Film-Cameras,`

of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to cameras and has as an object to provide aparticularly compact camera arrangement for the traveler who wishes totake a great number of pictures. As a convenient device foraccomplishing this purpose I have devised a camera suited for employingthe standard perforated motion picture film thus providing a camerahaving a large capacity for pictures and employing a ilrn which isespecially suited for the purpose and is commercially available.

To that end I have designed a camera for taking single exposures asdesired and adapted for properly feeding a film of considerable lengthand of the character described whereby the film may be fed with.measured feed movements so as space the pictures thereon. j

Additional features 'of my invention comprise means for furtherincreasing the capacity of the camera in the number of pictures whichmay be taken together with improperly to 'proved features of arrangementand convention. Fig. 2 is a rear view with the casing back removed andwith portions shown in section; Fig. 3 is a 'horizontal sectional planview on line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Figs. 4 and 5 are detail views of theshutter operating device shown in the camera of the preceding viewsbeing respectively side elevational and horizontal cross sectional viewsthereof. The remaining figures illustrate a modified form of myinvention vof which Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view; Fig. 7 ahorizontal cross sectional view on line 7 7 of Fig. 6 and Fig. 8vasimilar view on line 8 8 of Fig. 6.

In the vembodiment of my invention illustrated, the film carrying partsare arrangedwithin a suitable supporting and inclosing casingA. Theycomprise the usual take-up and supply reels or spools 1 and 2 suitablyjournaled 1n the upper and lower portions of. the casing respectively.Between the reels, the film is arranged to pass through an' apertureframe where the exposures thereon are taken by means of a suitablearrangement of lens and shutter. The aperture frame is shown in the formof an apertured plate 4 vertically supported by the casing and providedwith the usual aperture 5 through which .the exposures are made. Thefilm ,f is passed from the supply reel over a suitably journaled idler6, thence over the rear surface of the aperture plate and over an uppersimilar idler 7 to the take-up reel.

The film is guided by edge guides 8 8 which are, lugs on the apertureplate and it is held flat against the surface of the plate by a rear padelement 10 supported in position by the lugs 8 8 and pressed against thefilm by a flat spring 12 secured to the back plate 14 of the casing. Asuitable camera frame 16 is supported by the front plate 18 of thecasing by having a vertical flange 19 thereof screwed to the front plateof the casing in the manner shown. The cylindrical front portion of thecamera frame 16 is internally threaded as shown and fitted to the threadthereof is an externally threaded lens adjusting sleeve 20 having athumb iiange 21 on its front edge. A lens barrel 22 is carried by thesleeve 20 by being threaded thereto so that upon adjustment of thesleeve the lens are moved toward or from the lm for the purpose ofadjusting the focus.' A iinger or pointer 24 may desirably be arrangedon the thumb ange 21 to indicate the focal length byits relation tosuitable marking on the flange 19 of the frame.

` Any suitable form of shutter may be provided and I have shown in thedevice of Fig. 1 a focal plane type of shutter. The shutter is formedofA a curved blade 25 supported by integral side arms 26--26 and it isprovided with the exposure aperture 28. The shutter is arranged to shutoff the light from the film in its extreme upper and lower positions andis operative to make exposure during its passage from onel position tothe other. For that purpose it is fulcrumed by its arms`26-26 on thesides of the casing and is under the controlv of an actuating spring ,30'attached to the shutter by a pin 31 and at its other end to a pi'n 32of an operating lever 33. As best 'shown in Figs.

4 and 5 the operating lever 33 is fixedonl a spindle 34 journaled in theside of the casing and having on its outer end,.exterior of the casing,van operating handle 36. By means of the handle 36 the operating lever fis swung 'so that the axis of the spring 30 is carried to one side orthe other of the spindle which is the fulcrum for the shutter,

'for the shutter isl journaled directly thereon by means of.a collar 38.-As a result, the4` l spring will exert a" force on the shutter to moveit upwardly when the lever is in the ,upper posit1on','shown in fulllines Fig. 4,

and to move it to a lower position (dotted Fig. l) when the lever isshifted by handle 36 to a lower position shown dotted in Fig.

4. During the movement of the shutter.'

from the one position to the other the exposure -is made by moving theaperture across the focal plane of the lens. As best understood byreference to Fig. 1, lin either extreme position of the shutter a solidpor- Y tion thereof is in position to intercept any rays of light sothatthe fllm is not then exposed. e

To retard the action of the shutter until the operating lever hasbeenshifted so as ported on a fully to energize the springs, I havearranged detent arms 40--40 pivotally suppin 41 and caused to engage thecollar 38 of the shutter by the tension of v a retractile spring 42attached to pins 43-43 on the detent arms. n vided with notches andshoulders positioned `to be engaged by the detents to prevent movementof the` shutter until the detents have been disengaged. This latterresult is efected by the engagement ofthe operating arm with the detentarms at the very end of its shifting movement. As shown, the pins 43-43are extended through the detent arms into the lpath of movement of theactuating arm 33 so that they are engaged thereby to release theshutterwhen the operating arm y has beenfully shifted. Thus .the shutter willbe operated to expose the lm upon the y movement of the handle from oneposition to the other, either up or down.

To adjust the time of the exposures so made a supplemental shutter 45 ismovably carried by the main shutter 25 and adjustable with relationthereto to vary the size of ythe shutter opening- 28. This supplementalshutter is supported at the opposite side of the casing from theoperating handle 30 and is there fulcrumed with the shutter 25concentric with the spindle 34. As shown, the

main shutter has a sleeve bearing 47 journaled in the casing and withinthe sleeve is The collar 40 is pro-y fitted the supporting spindle 48 ofthe supplemental shutter. On the outer lend of the sleeve 47 there issecured an indicator' seg- 'ment 50 suitably graduated and aiiixed ontHe/spindle .to coactwith the graduation marks of the segment is apointer 51 to indicate the position of the supplemental shutterrelative/to the main shutter and the resulting size of -the` aperture28. A clamping nut 52 is threaded on the' spindle to secure the shuttermembers together when ad) justed and on the end of the pointer a thumbpiece 54 is provided forconvenience in g adjusting the supplementalshutter member.

A particular feature of my invention rey motion picture film upon `whichthe pictures are usually taken of a size and arrangement of'one to everyfour longitudinally arranged'y perforations. I have here provided fortak ing pictures of a size substantially corresponding to thosementioned and thereforel I have mounted the claw 56 to have a movementsubstantially'the distance of four film perforations. The claw as bestshown in Fig. 2 may be a double claw having inclined engaging teeth 58resiliently supported on arms 59-59 and ,suitably formed so that theywill ride over the film-and perforations in one direction and willengage the film edge of a perforation when moved in` the oppositedirection to impart a similar movement to the film. The `arms 59-59 areshown formed integral with .a connecting sleeve 60 journaled on a pin 61carriedby ears of a slide member 62. A Hat spring 63 is arranged asVshown 'to produce'a slight pressure on the claw-arms so that the teethare pressed constantly into engagement with the perforations but willyield to permit the return movement ofthe claw. The slide 62 is formedto slide upon avertical slide-way extension 64 of the aperture plate 4to that end having its sides turned over to form a guiding groove fittedto the guide extension 64 as best shown in Fig. 3.

By means of angle arm 66 the slide 64 is connected to a slide bar 68itted toa vertical slideway formed by a slide-way plate 70 attached tothe side of the casing. As shown the casing is provided with anelon- 3gated slot 71 through which is extended the shank of a finger button l72carried by the slide bar and by which it is reciprocatedv from theexterior'. The length ofthe slot 71 determines the distance of movementto half that size when desired so that the ca pacity of the camera in'the number of pietures which' may be 'taken is proportionately increasedtwofold. Carried by the slide 62 to be reciprocated therewith, vis ashut off plate or door 74 of a width to cover the aperture 5 andarranged to cover the previously l exposed film upon the slide beingdepressed. lIherefore upon the return feed movement of the slide onlythe new film brought over the aperture may be exposed upon the operationof the shutter and I have provided a suitable stop to limit this returnfeed movement so that the film is fed the distance of two aperturesonly. Themeans shown for that purpose consists of a .sliding stop 76fitted to -a suitable slide-way formed by slide-way plate 77. The stop76 has an operating button 78 suitably extended to the exterior of theeasing and this stop is positione'd to be moved into the path of theoper'- ating bar 68'to limit its return movementto half its normal feedmovement. As will readily be. understood the-presence of the shutter 74will correspondingly reduce the size of the aperture 4to take a halfsized picture and protect the previously exposedilm. Means are providedfor operating the take-up reel 1 so that it will take up the exposed lmas the slide is'feeding new filmover the aperture 5.` rlhe means hereshown is of a nature to" compensate for varying diameter of the rolloflm on the take up reel and to that end is frictionally driven.

The take-up4 reel'is journaled .upon a two part spindle 80--80` and thehub 82 thereof is formed with a key or cross-slot to receive a key 84whereby the reel is rotativelysecured to a friction disk 85. Y The diskl85 is journaled on the spindle 80 in frictional engagement with acoacting similar disk 86.

This latter disk 86 is also journaled on the spindle 80 and it ispositively driven by the feed movement given the operating barl 58. Thebar 58 is provided with an integral toothed rack 88 in mesh with asegmental gear 90 journaled onthe shaft 80 and having pivotally mountedthereon a feed pawl 91 spring pressed into engagement with a driveratchet 92 integrally `formed with the positively driven disk 86. Aswill readily be understood a positive reciprocating motion will beimparted vto the pawl 91 on the operation of feeding the lm and by theengagement of the pawl with the ratchet movement will be communicated tothe friction disks in the direction for taking up the film only.4 In themanner well known, further movement of the disk 86 than that required totake up the iilm will cause slipping of the friction between'the disks.A spring 94 is arranged to press the disks into frictional contact. Thepart 80 of the spindle is rigidly mounted on one side of the casingandthe opposite part 80 thereof is removable with a portion 95 of thecasing which provides for an opening for the insertion of the reel. Thesupply reel 2 is similarly journaled on a two-part spindle 96-96 thelatter part'being carried by a cover portion of the casing 98.

An afdditional feature is provided for informing the operator of theamount of film that has been fed through or remains -to be used andconsists in Aan indicating device or counting mechanism operated by themovement' of the film. In the form shown in Fig. 1 this device isarranged to be operated from the positively driven disk mem- 'ber 86.The disk memberis provided with acounter-pinion 100 in mesh with alarger pinion 101 journaled upon a trunnion 102 105 (Fig. 3) and on theouter face of this pinion is a pin upon which is journaled a smallpipion 107 to be revolved upon the rotation of the pinion 104.l Thispinion 104 1 is arranged in mesh with the teeth of both an annularstationary controlling rack 108 and-a' dial pinion 110. The rack andpinion 110 are arranged concentric with the pinion 104, the rack 'asshown having a sleeve fitted to the spindle '105 and the dial pinion 110is journaled on the sleeve of the rack. The rack and dial pinion have anunequal nurnber of teeth, the rack having one tooth more than thepinion. In consequence,

upon each revolution of the pinion 104,-

carrying with it the pinion 107; the annular rack 108 will control therotative movement of the pinion 107 which by its engagement with thedial pinion 110 will cause the latter pinion to be rotated proportionateto the difference in the number of teeth between rack and pinion108-11.0.

Thus for each full rotation of the pinion the lm. The camera lthereshownemploys the usual arrangement of shutter associated with the Alensbarrel 120. Provision is made for the adjustment of the lens forfosprocket moved by direct engagementwith cusing by forming the cameraframe of two parts 122 and 123 having a telescopic ar- I' The shut-ofi'Ydoor or screen 74, here shown, is arranged to be swung into the fieldof the lens for dividing the field in two so as to take ahalf sizepicture by being` supported on a pivot shaft 125 journaled in the casingand in the Apart 122. -On its end, ,exterior of casing,vit is providedwith a finger lever 126 by means 'of which it is swung into operative orinoperative A a large number of single exposures and for position asdesired.

The upper guiding sprocket 7 on shaft 128, having journal bearings inthe casing, is adapted to perform an additional function to that ofguiding the film. By reason of the sprocket teeth 130 thereofregistering with the apertures of the film f, the film as it passes overthe sprocket positively turns the sprocket proportionate to ,themovement of the film and it is arranged so that the movement thereofwill actuate the counting mechanism. The arrangement, as shown, consistsof a pinion 132 on the sprocket shaft 128, meshing with a larger pinion133 journaled on screw stud secured to the casing. Secured to rotatewith the pinion 133 is a small reducing pinion 134 in mesh with a largepinion 135 `having' a reducing smaller pinion 136 connected thereto andjournaled on bearing stud 138. A third larger pinion 140 meshes with thepinion 136 to be driven thereby.

\ The larger pinions 133-135 and 140 have their outer faces suitablymarked as deci- `mal counters to be observed through suit` able sightholes 133, 135 and 140 in the casing. The sprocket 75 is provided witheight teeth around its peripheryY so -that for each full size picturethe sprocket Will be given a half rotation and the pinion 132 is onefifth the size of pinion 133 which will tabulate the units; pinion 135is geared ten to one with pinion 134 for tabulating the tens and pinion140 indicates the hundreds. The counter dials are marked to measure themovement of the` film proportionate to the number of full sized picturesortheir equivalent in half sized pictures which have been taken. Thusthe operator is enabled to observe the number of full size units of filmexposed and of course the number of pictures which may be taken on theremainder of the film of a known capacity.

The back plate 14 of the camera is desirably removable for inserting thefilm and in accordance With my invention is arranged to provide .asupplemental rear opening when desired Without adecting the film I .notin alimiting sense.

of course will have been developed yand the i use of a suitablelanternfand lens is contemplated in the operation of projecting andenlarging. To' permit of the camera the scope thereof, it is intendedthat all matter contained in the foregoing description or shown in theaccompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and Havingdescribed my invention I claim- 1. A cameraadapted for taking pictureson a perforated film having-in combination a suitable inclosing casing,a lens, an aperture frame, a film supply reel, a film take-up reel,means for operating the take-up reel totake up the film,v means forfeeding the film over the aperture to be in position for making theexposures, means for limiting the movement of the film feeding means forproperly spacing the pictures thereon, .said means being adjustable tovary the feed movements of the film for taking smaller pictures whendesired, a protective screen .adapted to diminish the size of theaperture When reduced pictures are being taken and an independentlyoperating shutter operative to expose the film for recording of thepictures thereon.

2. A camera adapted for taking pictures on a perforated film having incombination, a suitable inclosing casing, a lens, an aperture frame, afilm supply reel, a lm .takeup reel, means for operating the take-upreel to take up the film, means for feeding the film over the apertureto bein position for making the exposures comprising a movable slidemember .and means thereon for engaging the film whereby the feedmovement thereof is imparted to the film, a protective screen carried bythe slide and operative with relation to the aperture to enlarge theaperture in proportion to the feeding of the film and an independentlyoperating shutter operative to expose the film for recording of thepictures thereon.

3. A camera adapted for taking pictures on a perforated film having incombination a suitable inelosing easing, a. lens, an aperture frame, afilm supply reel, a film take up reel, means for operating the take-upreel to take up the film, means for feedingthe film over the aperture tobe in position for making the exposures, means associated therewith fordetermining the movement imparted to the and means for adjusting thesize of the aperture proportionate 15 lIn testimony whereof I havesigned my 20v name to this speciieation in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

ALFRED H. MOSES, JR. Witnesses:

PHILIP LoNnRGAN, GERTRUDE E. MUNRO.

